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Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni
Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology
Periodical of Psikofarmakoloji Derneği
Journal Home Page
ISSN: 1017-7833 (Print)
ISSN: 1302-9657 (Online)
Language: [ Turkish ]   [ English ]  

  » Volume 23, Issue 1
      pp. 1-128

 

Open Access

Original Research



A cross-sectional study on substance use and family characteristics of adolescents with symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity

Arzu Önal, Kültegin Ögel, Ceyda Eke.

A B S T R A C T 

Abstract
Introduction: The genetic aspect of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is recognized without any dispute. For adolescents with ADHD diagnosis, development of substance dependency and interfamilial characteristics are important. These are factors which also affect the course of ADHD.

Aims: It was intended to investigate the interfamilial characteristics and potential risks of adolescents with and without ADHD, as well as the factors which affect the onset of substance use for adolescents with ADHD.

Method: The research has been conducted in 15 different different administrative districts of Istanbul, among 10th grade students from different regions and different levels of socioeconomic status. The multi-step cluster sampling method was used for the selection of the sample. YSR 11-18 (Youth Self Report) and a questionnaire which was developed by the researchers were used. A total sum of 3483 questionnaires were applied.

Results: Among the research sample, 73.5% (n=2009) consisted of people without any diagnosis. The proportion of participants with ADHD symptoms and no substance use was found to be %12.51 (n=342), participants with both having ADHD symptoms and substance use consisted 4.02% (n=110) and the ones without any ADHD symptoms, but present substance use consisted 9.95% (n=272) of the sample. Alcohol use of the mother or history of substance use by mother-father, siblings or relatives is higher for substance users whether having an ADHD symptoms or not in comparison to other diagnosis groups. When the variables within sociodemographic factors, parent characteristics and child raising practices of parents were investigated with a logistic regression analysis; it was found that low academic achievement at school, mother's alcohol use, the fact that the time when the child is supposed to come home is not certain and parents' lack of agreed upon behavior regarding rules are the factors which determine substance use among people with ADHD.

Conclusions: The results of this study have established; low academic achievement at school, mother's alcohol use, not having a certain time when the child is supposed to come home and parents' lack of agreed upon behavior regarding rules as the factors which determine substance use among people with ADHD.

Key words: Attention deficit, hyperactivity, substance abuse, family, adolescent, addiction



Dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite belirtileri bulunan ergenlerde madde kullanımı ve aile özellikleri üstüne kesitsel bir çalışma

Özet
Giriş: Dikkat Eksikliği ve Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu (DEHB)’ nun güçlü bir genetik geçişe sahip olduğu pek çok araştırmayla ortaya konulmuştur. DEHB tanısı almış olan ergenlerde madde bağımlılığı gelişmesi ve aile içi özellikler önem taşımaktadır. Bunlar DEHB’ nin gidişatını da etkileyen faktörlerdir.

Amaç: DEHB belirtisi olan ve olmayan ergenlerin aile içi özelliklerini ve olası risklerini ve DEHB’li gençlerin madde kullanmaya başlamasını etkileyen faktörlerin neler olduğunun araştırılması planlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Araştırma İstanbul’un farklı bölgelerinden ve sosyoekonomik düzeyinden 15 ilçede 10. sınıf öğrencileri arasında yapıldı. Örneklemin seçiminde çok basamaklı küme örnekleme yöntemi kullanıldı. 11-18 Yaş Gençler İçin Kendini Değerlendirme Ölçeği - YSR (Youth Self Report) ile araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan anket formu kullanıldı. Toplam 3483 anket uygulandı.

Bulgular: Araştırmaya alınan örneklemin %73.5’i (n=2009) DEHB belirtisi ve madde kullanımı olmayan gruptan oluşmaktadır. Sadece DEHB belirtileri taşıdığını bildiren ve herhangi bir madde kullanmayanların oranı %12.51 (n=342), hem DEHB hem madde kullananların oranı%4.02 (n=110), DEHB belirtisi olmayan ancak herhangi bir madde kullananların oranı ise %9.95(n=272)bulunmuştur. Annede alkol kullanımı, anne-baba, kardeşler ya da akrabalarda madde kullanımı öyküsünün olması DEHB belirtisi olsa da, olmasa da madde kullananlarda diğer tanı gruplarına göre daha yüksektir. Sosyodemografik etkenler, ebeveyn özellikleri ve ebeveynlerin çocuk yetiştirme biçimleri içinde yer alan değişkenler ayrı gruplar halinde lojistik regresyonla değerlendirildiğinde; okul başarısının düşük olması, annede alkol kullanımı, çocuğun eve kaçta geldiğinin belirgin olmaması ve anne-babanın kurallar konusunda hemfikir davranmamasının, DEHB ve madde kullanımı ile ilişkili olduğu saptanmıştır.

Sonuçlar: Bu çalışma sonuçları DEHB belirtisi olanlar arasında madde kullanımını belirleyen faktörler olarak; okul başarısının düşük olması, annede alkol kullanımı, çocuğun eve kaçta geldiğinin belirgin olmaması ve anne-babanın kurallar konusunda hemfikir davranmaması olduğu saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Dikkat eksikliği, hiperaktivite, madde, ergen, aile, bağımlılık


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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Önal A, Ögel K, Eke C. [A cross-sectional study on substance use and family characteristics of adolescents with symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity]. BCP. 2011; 21(3): 225-231. Turkish. doi:10.5455/bcp.20110627104419



Web Style

Önal A, Ögel K, Eke C. [A cross-sectional study on substance use and family characteristics of adolescents with symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity]. www.scopemed.org/?mno=8858 [Access: May 18, 2013]. Turkish. doi:10.5455/bcp.20110627104419



AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Önal A, Ögel K, Eke C. [A cross-sectional study on substance use and family characteristics of adolescents with symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity]. BCP. 2011; 21(3): 225-231. Turkish. doi:10.5455/bcp.20110627104419



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Önal A, Ögel K, Eke C. [A cross-sectional study on substance use and family characteristics of adolescents with symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity]. BCP. (2011), [cited May 18, 2013]; 21(3): 225-231. Turkish. doi:10.5455/bcp.20110627104419



Harvard Style

Önal, A., Ögel, K. & Eke, C. (2011) [A cross-sectional study on substance use and family characteristics of adolescents with symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity]. BCP, 21 (3), 225-231. Turkish. doi:10.5455/bcp.20110627104419



Turabian Style

Önal, Arzu, Kültegin Ögel, and Ceyda Eke. 2011. [A cross-sectional study on substance use and family characteristics of adolescents with symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity]. Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 21 (3), 225-231. Turkish. doi:10.5455/bcp.20110627104419



Chicago Style

Önal, Arzu, Kültegin Ögel, and Ceyda Eke. "[A cross-sectional study on substance use and family characteristics of adolescents with symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity]." Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 21 (2011), 225-231. Turkish. doi:10.5455/bcp.20110627104419



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Önal, Arzu, Kültegin Ögel, and Ceyda Eke. "[A cross-sectional study on substance use and family characteristics of adolescents with symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity]." Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology 21.3 (2011), 225-231. Print.Turkish. doi:10.5455/bcp.20110627104419



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Önal, A., Ögel, K. & Eke, C. (2011) [A cross-sectional study on substance use and family characteristics of adolescents with symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity]. Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 21 (3), 225-231. Turkish. doi:10.5455/bcp.20110627104419




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